{"id":669,"date":"2026-05-29T05:35:42","date_gmt":"2026-05-29T05:35:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/?p=669"},"modified":"2026-05-29T05:35:42","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T05:35:42","slug":"planetary-gearbox-agv-amr-mobile-robot-drive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/planetary-gearbox-agv-amr-mobile-robot-drive\/","title":{"rendered":"AGV\u304a\u3088\u3073AMR\u79fb\u52d5\u30ed\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8\u99c6\u52d5\u7528\u904a\u661f\u6b6f\u8eca\u6a5f\u69cb"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"planetary<\/p>\n
\n
Application Guide \u00b7 AGV \u00b7 AMR \u00b7 Drive Wheel \u00b7 Steering \u00b7 Cleanroom<\/div>\n

Planetary Gearbox for AGV and AMR
\nMobile Robot Drive Wheel Selection<\/h1>\n

Selecting the right planetary gearbox AGV drive configuration starts with understanding what makes mobile robot drives different from any other servo application. An AGV drive wheel gearbox faces requirements no industrial robot joint or CNC axis encounters: speed synchronisation between two wheels<\/strong> tight enough that a 0.01% ratio mismatch accumulates to 100 mm of trajectory drift per kilometre of travel \u2014 derailing the AGV from its magnetic tape or reflective target line. This guide covers every gearbox specification from drive wheel torque calculation through cleanroom AMR compatibility.<\/p>\n

View EP-KF\/KH Low-Noise Series \u2192
\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Why AGV Drive Gearboxes Are Fundamentally Different from Industrial Robot Joints<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

A planetary gearbox AGV drive application differs from industrial robot joints in five critical ways that Korean engineers often overlook when first specifying mobile robot drives. Engineers coming from their experience with industrial robot joint gearboxes \u2014 and arrive at the wrong specifications. The surface similarity (both are compact, precision, servo-driven gearboxes) conceals five fundamental specification differences that produce incorrect selections if robot joint criteria are applied directly to AGV drives.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Specification<\/th>\nIndustrial Robot Joint<\/th>\nAGV Drive Wheel<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Primary accuracy need<\/td>\nBacklash \u22641 arcmin (TCP)<\/td>\nSpeed ratio matched \u00b10.01%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Reversal frequency<\/td>\nMillions\/year (welding)<\/td>\nOccasional (path corners)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Noise sensitivity<\/td>\nModerate (factory noise)<\/td>\nCritical \u2014 human-sharing space<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Maintenance access<\/td>\nAnnual inspection OK<\/td>\nZero \u2014 no stop, sealed for life<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Radial load source<\/td>\nArm weight \/ tool force<\/td>\nFloor irregularities + AGV weight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Key failure consequence<\/td>\nWeld miss \/ part reject<\/td>\nCollision \/ production halt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

The most important insight in this comparison: backlash grade is not<\/em> the primary specification for AGV drive wheel gearboxes. An AGV drive wheel gearbox with P0 \u22641 arcmin backlash will still derail the AGV if the two drive wheels have different gear ratios \u2014 even a 0.01% ratio difference accumulates visible trajectory drift over a 10-metre travel segment. Ratio matching accuracy between the two drive gearboxes matters far more than individual backlash grade for AGV trajectory control.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Korean AGV\/AMR Market Context<\/p>\n

\n
\n
Semiconductor fab AGV<\/div>\n
Samsung\/SK fab inter-process wafer transport. Class 100 cleanroom. Magnetic tape guidance. 24\/7 operation.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
E-commerce logistics AMR<\/div>\n
Coupang\/Naver fulfilment centres. Shelf-to-person picking. LIDAR\/camera navigation. 200\u2013500 kg payload.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Automotive assembly AGV<\/div>\n
Hyundai\/Kia body shop floor-level part delivery. Heavy payload (500\u20132,000 kg). Floor rail or magnetic tape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Hospital\/pharma AMR<\/div>\n
Korean hospital automation. Drug\/sample delivery. Ultra-quiet operation. Strict zero-maintenance requirement.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
\n

AGV Drive Wheel Torque Calculation \u2014 Load, Incline, and Acceleration Components<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

The drive wheel gearbox output torque for an AGV combines three components: rolling resistance torque, incline torque, and acceleration torque. Unlike industrial robot joints where arm weight and cutting forces dominate, AGV drive torque is primarily determined by the total vehicle weight (AGV chassis + payload) and the floor surface condition.<\/p>\n

\n

AGV DRIVE WHEEL TORQUE CALCULATION<\/p>\n

\n

T_drive = T_rolling + T_incline + T_accel<\/p>\n

T_rolling = \u03bc_r \u00d7 M_total \u00d7 g \u00d7 r_wheel \/ N_wheels
\n\u03bc_r = rolling resistance coeff (0.01\u20130.03)
\nM_total = AGV mass + payload (kg)
\nr_wheel = drive wheel radius (m)
\nN_wheels = number of drive wheels<\/p>\n

T_incline = M_total \u00d7 g \u00d7 sin(\u03b8) \u00d7 r_wheel \/ N_wheels<\/p>\n

T_accel = (M_total \/ N_wheels) \u00d7 a \u00d7 r_wheel
\na = max acceleration (m\/s\u00b2)<\/p>\n

Example \u2014 500 kg e-comm AMR:
\nM = 200 kg AGV + 500 kg payload = 700 kg
\nr = 0.10 m, N=2, \u03bc_r=0.015, a=0.5 m\/s\u00b2
\nT_roll = 0.015\u00d7700\u00d79.81\u00d70.1\/2 = 5.15 N\u00b7m<\/span>
\nT_incl = 700\u00d79.81\u00d7sin(2\u00b0)\u00d70.1\/2 = 1.20 N\u00b7m<\/span>
\nT_accel = (700\/2)\u00d70.5\u00d70.1 = 17.5 N\u00b7m<\/span>
\nT_total = 5.15+1.20+17.5 = 23.9 N\u00b7m\/wheel<\/span>
\nWith SF=1.5: T_rated = 35.8 N\u00b7m<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Note that the acceleration torque (17.5 N\u00b7m) dominates over rolling resistance (5.15 N\u00b7m) in this example \u2014 because e-commerce AMRs accelerate aggressively (0.5 m\/s\u00b2) to maintain throughput. For automotive assembly AGVs that accelerate gently (0.1 m\/s\u00b2) but carry heavier payloads, the rolling resistance and incline terms dominate. Always calculate all three components; never estimate from a single term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

AGV Type \u2192 Drive Torque and Series Selection<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
AGV Type<\/th>\nPayload<\/th>\nT\/wheel<\/th>\n\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Hospital AMR (drug delivery)<\/td>\n30\u201380 kg<\/td>\n5\u201312 N\u00b7m<\/td>\nEP-ADS 047<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E-commerce AMR<\/td>\n200\u2013500 kg<\/td>\n20\u201350 N\u00b7m<\/td>\nEP-AB 060<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Semiconductor fab AGV<\/td>\n50\u2013200 kg<\/td>\n10\u201330 N\u00b7m<\/td>\nEP-KF (indoor)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Auto assembly floor AGV<\/td>\n500\u20132,000 kg<\/td>\n80\u2013250 N\u00b7m<\/td>\nEP-AB 090\/115<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Heavy industrial tow AGV<\/td>\n2,000\u201310,000 kg<\/td>\n200\u2013800 N\u00b7m<\/td>\nEP-AH New Line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Differential Drive Synchronisation \u2014 How 0.01% Speed Error Causes 100 mm Drift per Kilometre<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

For any planetary gearbox AGV with differential drive architecture \u2014 the most common Korean AGV navigation configuration \u2014 the dominant navigation consideration is: two independently driven wheels on either side of the vehicle centreline, with speed difference between the two wheels producing turning. Straight-line travel requires both wheels to rotate at exactly<\/em> the same speed. Any permanent speed difference between the two drive wheels \u2014 caused by a gear ratio mismatch between the two gearboxes \u2014 produces a systematic trajectory curve that the navigation system must continuously correct.<\/p>\n

The quantitative relationship between gearbox ratio mismatch and trajectory drift is derived geometrically. If the left wheel travels at speed v_L and the right wheel at v_R, the AGV traces an arc of radius R = W \u00d7 v_mean \/ (v_L – v_R), where W is the wheel track width. Over a distance D of straight-line travel, the lateral deviation \u0394y from the commanded straight path is:<\/p>\n

\n

RATIO MISMATCH \u2192 TRAJECTORY DRIFT<\/p>\n

Speed difference: \u03b4v = v \u00d7 \u0394i\/i
\n\u0394i = ratio mismatch (fraction)Arc radius: R = W \u00d7 v \/ \u03b4v
\n= W \/ (\u0394i\/i) = W \u00d7 i \/ \u0394iDrift over D metres:
\n\u0394y \u2248 D\u00b2 \/ (2R) for small anglesExample: W=0.5m, i=20, v=1m\/s
\n\u0394i\/i = 0.01% = 0.0001
\nR = 0.5 \/ 0.0001 = 5,000 m
\nOver D=10m: \u0394y = 100\/(2\u00d75000)
\n= 0.010 m = 10 mm drift<\/span>Over D=100m (1 km): \u0394y \u2248 1,000 mm = 1 metre!<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

This calculation shows why Korea Ever-Power recommends ordering AGV drive gearbox pairs from the same production batch. Units from the same production batch have consistent gear grinding that produces ratio variation of \u00b10.005% or less \u2014 orders of magnitude better than the worst-case catalogue tolerance of \u00b10.1\u20130.5%. When the two drive gearboxes come from different batches, the batch-to-batch ratio variation can reach 0.05\u20130.1%, producing drift of 50\u2013100 mm per 10 metres \u2014 enough to cause repeated navigation corrections and eventual lane departure at longer travel distances.<\/p>\n

Ordering recommendation for AGV drive pairs: <\/strong>
\nSpecify in the purchase order: “Matched pair \u2014 both units from same production batch, ratio variation \u22640.01%.” Korea Ever-Power EP-AB and EP-KF series can be supplied as matched pairs with measured ratio certificates for both units, confirming the ratio difference between the pair. This eliminates the most common source of AGV differential drive trajectory error at the gearbox level.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\"planetary
\n<\/p>\n
\n
Ratio Mismatch \u2192 Drift at 10 m Travel (W=0.5m, i=20)<\/div>\n
\n
\n
Matched pair \u22640.005%<\/span>
\n\u22640.5 mm<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Same batch \u22640.01%<\/span>
\n1 mm<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Different batch \u22640.05%<\/span>
\n5 mm<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Random catalogue \u22640.1%<\/span>
\n10 mm<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Magnetic tape lane width: typically \u00b120\u201340 mm. Even 10 mm drift requires frequent correction that limits maximum AGV speed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Low Noise \u2014 Why AGV Gearbox Sound Level Is a Safety and Regulatory Requirement<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

Unlike traditional industrial robots operating behind safety fences, Korean AGVs and AMRs share workspace with human operators \u2014 this is the defining architectural difference that makes noise a safety issue rather than a comfort preference. When an AGV approaches a human operator from behind, the ambient warning is its operating sound. A quiet AGV gives the operator more time to notice and step aside; a noisy AGV’s approach signal is masked by surrounding machinery noise.<\/p>\n

Korean occupational safety regulations require collaborative mobile robots to emit an audible warning when approaching humans \u2014 but the regulations also set workplace noise limits at 85 dB(A). The effective warning sound from an AGV drive system must be detectable above ambient but must not itself contribute to the cumulative workplace noise exposure that approaches the regulatory limit. This creates a design band: the AGV drive gearbox noise should be low enough to not contribute to ambient noise accumulation, while the AGV’s separate audible warning system provides the detectable approach signal.<\/p>\n

For Korean hospital AMRs, pharmaceutical cleanroom AGVs, and electronics assembly AMRs, drive noise directly affects operator environment quality in sustained work settings. The EP-KF\/KH hypoid gear series<\/a> produces measurably lower operating noise than standard planetary at equivalent torque \u2014 the curved spiral contact geometry distributes tooth engagement load over a larger face area, reducing the peak mesh impact and the resulting acoustic radiation. Measured at 1 m, EP-KF at equivalent torque and speed is typically 6\u20138 dB(A) lower than a standard EP-AB planetary unit.<\/p>\n

\n

\u26a0 KF\/KH temperature limit \u2014 indoor AGV only:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The EP-KF\/KH hypoid series has a 0\u00b0C minimum operating temperature<\/strong>. This restriction confines its AGV use to indoor facilities where the ambient temperature is reliably above 0\u00b0C year-round: Korean semiconductor fabs (typically 20\u201322\u00b0C constant), Korean e-commerce fulfilment centres (5\u201320\u00b0C), hospital corridors (18\u201324\u00b0C). Do not specify EP-KF\/KH for outdoor yard AGVs, dock-level AGVs that cross outdoor weather exposure, or any facility where temperatures may drop below 0\u00b0C. For those environments, use standard EP-AB series (\u221210\u00b0C rated) with a sound dampening enclosure if noise reduction is also needed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

Drive Noise at 1 m \u2014 Same Speed\/Torque<\/p>\n

\n
\n
EP-KF\/KH hypoid<\/span>
\n~66 dB(A) \u2605<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
66<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
EP-AB planetary<\/span>
\n~73 dB(A)<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
73<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Korean OHS limit (8h)<\/span>
\n85 dB(A)<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

7 dB(A) difference = roughly half perceived loudness. In a Korean hospital\/pharma setting, this directly affects patient and worker environment quality. KF\/KH: indoor 0\u00b0C+ only.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
AGV Environment<\/th>\nMin Temp<\/th>\n\u30ae\u30a2\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Semiconductor fab<\/td>\n20\u00b0C<\/td>\nKF\/KH \u2713<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E-comm fulfilment<\/td>\n5\u00b0C<\/td>\nKF\/KH \u2713<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cold store AGV<\/td>\n\u22125\u00b0C<\/td>\nEP-AB \u2713 NOT KF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Outdoor yard AGV<\/td>\n\u221210\u00b0C<\/td>\nEP-AB \u2713 NOT KF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Zero-Maintenance Operation \u2014 Why AGV Gearboxes Cannot Require Scheduled Service<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

Industrial robot joints and CNC machine tool gearboxes can be accessed for annual inspection during planned maintenance shutdowns. AGVs and AMRs in Korean operations typically run 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, with the only scheduled stops being battery charging cycles (for battery-powered AGVs) or wire-guided charging pauses. These charging pauses (typically 15\u201330 minutes every 4\u20138 hours) are the only available maintenance windows \u2014 and they are not long enough, nor are they appropriately equipped for gearbox maintenance.<\/p>\n

This operational reality transforms sealed-grease gearbox construction from a convenience feature to a functional requirement. A gearbox that requires periodic re-lubrication, oil level checks, or seal inspection is simply incompatible with 24\/7 AGV operation unless the entire fleet is scheduled for maintenance shutdowns \u2014 which defeats the economic case for AGV automation.<\/p>\n

All Korea Ever-Power EP planetary series use permanently sealed grease that does not require periodic replacement \u2014 the factory fill is designed to last the full gearbox service life (20,000 operating hours) under normal conditions. At 8,760 operating hours per year for a 24\/7 AGV, this provides approximately 2.3 years of maintenance-free operation per gearbox. At 6,000 hours per year (accounting for charging and downtime), the gearbox life extends to 3.3 years before replacement is warranted.<\/p>\n

When to plan AGV gearbox replacement: <\/strong>
\nThe practical trigger for AGV gearbox replacement is not a fixed calendar date but a functional symptom: increasing trajectory drift that requires more frequent navigation corrections (visible as more frequent servo correction events in the fleet management system log), or audible change in drive noise characteristic. For proactive planning: schedule gearbox replacement at 18,000\u201320,000 operating hours, coordinated with battery replacement cycles when available, to avoid unplanned downtime.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\"Korea<\/p>\n

\n
AGV Operating Hours \u2014 Korea Typical<\/div>\n
\n
24\/7 semiconductor fab
\n8,760 h\/yr \u2192 replace 2.3 yr<\/span><\/div>\n
E-commerce (3-shift)
\n6,300 h\/yr \u2192 replace 3.2 yr<\/span><\/div>\n
Auto assembly (2-shift)
\n4,200 h\/yr \u2192 replace 4.8 yr<\/span><\/div>\n
Hospital (day shift only)
\n2,500 h\/yr \u2192 replace 8.0 yr<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Based on EP-AB 20,000h design life. Sealed grease \u2014 no periodic maintenance required during service life.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

AGV Steering Axis \u2014 Right-Angle Output for Compact Turntable Design<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

Omnidirectional AGVs and Mecanum wheel AMRs use a dedicated steering axis that rotates the entire drive module (motor + gearbox + wheel) around a vertical axis, allowing the AGV to navigate in any direction without turning the vehicle body. This steering turntable drive has different requirements from the drive wheel gearbox: very low output speed (full rotation in 2\u20135 seconds, or 0.2\u20130.5 rpm), high torque to overcome the friction of the loaded drive wheel against the floor, and a compact axial depth to minimise the turntable height within the AGV chassis.<\/p>\n

The right-angle planetary gearbox is the standard solution for omnidirectional AGV steering: the motor mounts horizontally inside the AGV chassis, and the right-angle output shaft drives the turntable vertically. This eliminates the vertical motor height that would be required by an inline gearbox \u2014 a critical dimension reduction in flat AGVs designed to slide under shelving units.<\/p>\n

The EP-ABR right-angle series<\/a> at i=80\u2013100 covers the typical steering turntable requirement: 0.3\u20130.8 rpm output from a 3,000 rpm servo motor at the ratio. P1 backlash is adequate for steering \u2014 the angular positioning of the drive module direction requires \u00b12\u20135 arcmin repeatability to achieve the target heading, well within P1 capability. The right-angle output positions the motor outside the turntable footprint, maintaining the minimum AGV body height.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

AGV Steering Turntable \u2014 Layout Comparison<\/p>\n

Inline gearbox (motor vertical):
\n[Motor] \u2191 tall
\n[Inline PGB] \u2191 adds height
\n[Turntable] AGV body high \u2190
\n[Drive wheel]Right-angle EP-ABR (motor horizontal):
\n\u2501[Motor]\u2501[EP-ABR]
\n\u2193 R\/A output
\n[Turntable] AGV body low \u2713
\n[Drive wheel]Height saving: 80\u2013150 mm depending on
\nmotor frame size. Critical for under-
\nshelving AGV (chassis height \u2264220 mm).<\/div>\n
\n
Korean under-shelf AMR case:<\/div>\n

EP-ABR060 P1 i=80 on all four steering turntables of a Korean e-commerce under-shelf AMR. Horizontal motor placement reduced turntable assembly height by 95 mm vs inline layout \u2014 enabling the AMR to navigate under 250 mm shelf clearance that would have been inaccessible with vertical motor layout.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Semiconductor Fab and Cleanroom AGV \u2014 Particle, Outgassing, and Non-Magnetic Requirements<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

Korean semiconductor wafer fab AGVs operating in ISO Class 4\u20136 cleanrooms impose the most stringent gearbox environmental specifications in Korean industry. The cleanroom AGV gearbox must be designed and documented to demonstrate three properties beyond normal industrial specifications: low particle generation, low outgassing, and non-magnetic construction where required for MRAM or magnetic storage layer fab environments.<\/p>\n

Particle generation:<\/strong> A standard planetary gearbox uses greases containing compounds that can migrate as aerosol particles when the gearbox temperature cycles. Cleanroom gearboxes use PFPE (perfluoropolyether) or equivalent cleanroom-certified lubricants with ultra-low particle generation rates, combined with sealed housings that prevent any lubricant migration to the external surfaces. Korea Ever-Power can specify cleanroom-compatible lubricant in lieu of standard EP grease for semiconductor fab AGV orders \u2014 request “semiconductor cleanroom grease” at order time.<\/p>\n

Outgassing:<\/strong> Standard plastics used in gearbox seals and coatings can outgas volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cleanroom environments, contaminating the controlled atmosphere. Cleanroom-specified EP gearboxes use low-outgassing seal materials (FFKM fluoroelastomer) and coating systems with measured outgassing rates within fab facility specifications.<\/p>\n

Non-magnetic materials:<\/strong> Advanced MRAM (Magnetic Random Access Memory) and spin-torque device fabrication lines require a magnetic-field-free environment in the wafer transport zone. Standard steel gear components are ferromagnetic \u2014 in sensitive fab zones, non-magnetic stainless steel variants or aluminium housing configurations may be required. Discuss this requirement explicitly with Korea Ever-Power for any semiconductor fab AGV order where magnetic contamination is a process concern.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
Cleanroom AGV Gearbox Specification Checklist<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2460 Cleanroom-grade lubricant<\/div>\n
PFPE or equivalent \u2014 specify “semiconductor cleanroom grease” at order. Standard EP grease NOT suitable for Class 4\u20135 wafer fab.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2461 Sealed housing (no vent)<\/div>\n
No breather vent \u2014 full sealed construction prevents lubricant migration to cleanroom atmosphere.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2462 Low-outgassing seal material<\/div>\n
FFKM fluoroelastomer shaft seals \u2014 standard NBR\/FKM has higher VOC outgassing unsuitable for Class 4 wafer fab.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2463 Non-magnetic (if required)<\/div>\n
Specify only for MRAM\/spin-torque device fab zones. Standard steel gearboxes acceptable for DRAM\/NAND wafer fab AGV.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2464 Temperature: 0\u00b0C+ \u2192 KF\/KH OK<\/div>\n
Semiconductor fab temperature 20\u201322\u00b0C constant \u2014 KF\/KH hypoid low-noise series is appropriate for fab AGV application.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

\"planetary<\/p>\n

\n

Korea Ever-Power AGV\/AMR Series Quick Reference<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
AGV \/ Drive Type<\/th>\n\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba<\/th>\nKey Spec<\/th>\nSelection Reason<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Semiconductor fab \/ hospital (indoor, low noise)<\/td>\nEP-KF \u26a00\u00b0C min<\/a><\/td>\n~66 dB(A)<\/td>\nLowest noise; cleanroom grease option; hollow shaft available<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E-commerce AMR drive wheel<\/td>\nEP-AB 060 (matched pair)<\/a><\/td>\nRatio \u22640.01%<\/td>\nSame-batch matched pairs for differential sync; \u221210\u00b0C for unheated warehouse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hospital\/pharma AMR (ultra-quiet, compact)<\/td>\nEP-ADS 047<\/a><\/td>\n47mm body<\/td>\nCompact OD for small AMR; non-std ratio i=21 for speed matching without VFD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Auto assembly floor AGV (heavy payload)<\/td>\nEP-AB 090\/115<\/a><\/td>\nP1\u2013P2<\/td>\n500\u20132,000 kg payload; no precision needed for speed drive; sealed grease<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AGV steering turntable (omnidirectional)<\/td>\nEP-ABR 060 P1 i=80<\/a><\/td>\nR\/A output<\/td>\nHorizontal motor saves 80\u2013150mm chassis height for under-shelf AGV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cold store AGV (\u22125 to \u221210\u00b0C)<\/td>\nEP-AB (NOT KF\/KH)<\/a><\/td>\n\u221210\u00b0C rated<\/td>\nKF\/KH 0\u00b0C limit excluded for cold store; standard EP-AB \u221210\u00b0C covers Korean cold chain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Frequently Asked Questions \u2014 Planetary Gearbox for AGV and AMR Drives<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

Q<\/span>
\nOur AGV follows magnetic tape guidance but drifts progressively to one side over long straight runs. The navigation system corrects continuously but this reduces speed. What is the likely gearbox cause?<\/h3>\n

Progressive one-side drift during straight-line travel with continuous servo correction is the classic signature of a gear ratio mismatch between the two drive wheel gearboxes. The drift direction (always to the same side) confirms it is systematic, not random \u2014 ruling out floor irregularity or wheel wear as the primary cause. Measure the actual output speed of both drive gearboxes at the same input command: even a 0.05% speed difference produces 5 mm drift per 10 metres. As calculated in Module 3, this compounds to 50 mm drift over 100 metres \u2014 enough to trigger frequent tape-following corrections that cap the AGV’s achievable speed. The solution is to replace both drive gearboxes with a matched pair from the same Korea Ever-Power production batch, specified with \u22640.01% ratio variation certificate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q<\/span>
\nDo AGV drive gearboxes need P0 backlash like industrial robot joints?<\/h3>\n

No \u2014 for straight-line driving and gradual curve navigation, backlash grade is not the primary AGV accuracy specification. The AGV navigation system uses odometry from wheel encoders and independent position sensors (magnetic tape, LIDAR reflectors, or QR codes) to correct absolute position at every guidance reference point \u2014 backlash in the drive gearbox is a short-duration reversal error that the navigation loop corrects within the next sensor update. P1 or even P2 backlash is adequate for most AGV drive wheel applications. P0 becomes relevant only for very high-precision AGV applications such as semiconductor FOUP loading\/unloading where the AGV must position its docking port to within \u00b10.5 mm of a fixed station \u2014 in that case, the final approach positioning accuracy requires P0 on the drive axis used for fine positioning.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q<\/span>
\nCan we use the same EP-AB gearbox model for both the AGV drive wheel and the steering turntable axis?<\/h3>\n

For the inline (EP-AB) variant, the same frame size body can be used for both axes if torque requirements match \u2014 but different ratios are required. The drive wheel axis typically uses i=10\u201325 to achieve 1\u20133 m\/s wheel speed from a 3,000 rpm motor at 0.1\u20130.15 m wheel radius. The steering axis typically uses i=80\u2013100 to achieve 0.3\u20130.5 rpm turntable speed from the same motor. Both ratios are available in the EP-AB series. For the steering axis, if chassis height is constrained, the EP-ABR right-angle variant at the same frame size is preferable \u2014 horizontal motor placement reduces total assembly height as described in Module 6. Specify the motor adapter plate size and flange dimension consistently across both axes from the same Korea Ever-Power frame scale to enable motor standardisation across the AGV drivetrain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Q<\/span>
\nFor AGV fleets operating in Korean agricultural post-harvest processing facilities, what gearbox specification applies?<\/h3>\n

Korean post-harvest facilities (grain drying, vegetable sorting, fruit packing) often deploy AGVs for bin transport and sorting line supply. These facilities typically maintain temperatures of 5\u201325\u00b0C in the processing area \u2014 within the EP-KF\/KH 0\u00b0C limit for indoor operation. However, the AGV may also traverse outdoor yard sections between storage buildings and processing lines, where Korean winter temperatures reach \u22125 to \u221210\u00b0C. For multi-zone AGVs that cross outdoor segments, the EP-AB series (\u221210\u00b0C) is the correct specification for the drive wheel gearboxes. For multi-output power distribution from a central drive system within the facility to multiple processing head drives, agricultural bevel gearboxes<\/a> distribute the EP planetary output to individual sorting or conveyor heads \u2014 a common Korean post-harvest facility architecture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Specify Your AGV Drive Gearboxes with Korea Ever-Power<\/h2>\n

Korea Ever-Power supplies matched drive wheel pairs with ratio variation certificates, cleanroom lubricant specification for semiconductor fab AGV, and steering turntable right-angle configurations \u2014 in Korean, same working day.<\/p>\n


\nEP-KF\/KH Low-Noise (Indoor AGV) \u2192
\n<\/a>
\n
\nEP-AB Matched Pair (Differential Drive) \u2192
\n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n

\u7de8\u96c6\u8005: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Application Guide \u00b7 AGV \u00b7 AMR \u00b7 Drive Wheel \u00b7 Steering \u00b7 Cleanroom Planetary Gearbox for AGV and AMR Mobile Robot Drive Wheel Selection Selecting the right planetary gearbox AGV drive configuration starts with understanding what makes mobile robot drives different from any other servo application. An AGV drive wheel gearbox faces requirements no industrial robot joint or CNC axis encounters: speed synchronisation between two wheels tight enough that a 0.01% ratio mismatch accumulates to 100 mm of trajectory drift per kilometre of travel \u2014 derailing the AGV from its magnetic tape or reflective target line. This guide covers every gearbox specification from drive wheel torque calculation through cleanroom AMR […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[965],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-application-and-technical-guid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=669"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":671,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/669\/revisions\/671"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}