{"id":741,"date":"2026-06-03T01:35:28","date_gmt":"2026-06-03T01:35:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/?p=741"},"modified":"2026-06-03T01:35:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T01:35:28","slug":"planetary-gearbox-agv-amr-drive-wheel-selection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/planetary-gearbox-agv-amr-drive-wheel-selection\/","title":{"rendered":"Precision Planetary Gearbox Selection for AGV and AMR Drive Wheels"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Korea Ever-Power<\/span>
\nAGV \/ AMR Application Guide<\/span><\/div>\n

Precision Planetary Gearbox Selection for AGV and AMR Drive Wheels \u2014 Chassis Height, Axial Load, and Environment Rating Guide<\/h1>\n

The global AGV and AMR market exceeded $3.5 billion in 2024, with Korean logistics automation manufacturers supplying a significant share. Yet the precisionsplanetv\u00e4xell\u00e5da<\/a> selection guides published for this market consistently address the wrong parameters. AGV drives are not defined by backlash or torsional stiffness \u2014 they are defined by axial force from vehicle weight, chassis height constraints, differential steering accuracy, and deployment environment IP rating. This guide addresses all four.<\/p>\n

Get AGV Drive Specification Support \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Four Requirements That Separate AGV Drive Selection from General Servo Applications<\/h2>\n

Automated guided vehicles and autonomous mobile robots use precision planetary gearboxes in configurations that standard servo automation selection guides are not written for. The parameters that dominate AGV drive selection \u2014 vehicle weight, chassis height target, navigation accuracy, deployment environment \u2014 are largely absent from general servo gearbox literature. These four differences define the AGV selection problem:<\/p>\n

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\u2460 Axial Force from Vehicle Weight<\/div>\n

The gearbox output shaft is the wheel axle \u2014 or is directly coupled to it. Vehicle weight loads the output bearing axially with every kilogram of vehicle and payload. A 500kg AGV on two drive wheels applies 2,452N of axial force per gearbox output bearing \u2014 exceeding the EP-ZDE-80 axial limit of 450N by 445%. This is the most commonly violated specification in Korean AGV drive design, and it produces the seal weeping and bearing fatigue described in the failure causes guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2461 Chassis Height Determines Gearbox Configuration<\/div>\n

Low-profile AGV designs target chassis heights of 100\u2013200mm between the floor and the cargo carrying surface. An inline EP-ZDE-80 plus 400W motor stacked vertically above the wheel axle adds 264mm of height \u2014 more than most low-profile target chassis heights. The right-angle input EP-ZDWF-80, with the motor routing horizontally into the chassis body, reduces this to 119.5mm at the drive axle \u2014 a 144.5mm saving that often makes the difference between a feasible and infeasible chassis design.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2462 Differential Steering Accuracy Requires Matched Backlash<\/div>\n

Differential-drive AGVs steer by running left and right wheels at different speeds \u2014 no separate steering axis. Navigation accuracy depends on both wheels having identical gear ratios and, critically, identical backlash. A backlash difference of 1 arcmin between left and right drive gearboxes on a 500mm wheelbase AGV produces 0.7mm of lateral position error for every 10m of travel \u2014 accumulating to 7mm per 100m, which causes failure of narrow-aisle docking at \u00b15mm tolerance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2463 Deployment Environment Varies Dramatically<\/div>\n

AGV and AMR deployment environments range from clean semiconductor fabs (controlled air, no liquids) to automotive body shops (welding spatter, cooling water, floor washing) to food processing facilities (daily HACCP pressure-wash at 2\u20138 bar). These three environments require completely different IP ratings: IP54 for clean indoor, IP65 for automotive and food. Using IP54 in a daily-washdown environment reduces gearbox service life from 20,000 hours to 2,000\u20134,000 hours through lubricant contamination.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

\"Planerary<\/p>\n

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EP series precision planetary gearboxes are deployed in AGV and AMR drive units across Korean logistics, automotive, and electronics manufacturing facilities. The four-series range (ZDE, ZDF, ZDWF, ZDS) covers the complete AGV drive specification from light AMR at 50kg payload to heavy forklift AGV at 3,000kg. View EP series specifications \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Axial Force from Vehicle Weight \u2014 The Most Commonly Violated AGV Gearbox Specification<\/h2>\n

When the gearbox output shaft is the drive axle \u2014 either directly or through a short coupling \u2014 the total vehicle weight (vehicle body plus maximum payload) is distributed across the drive wheels. Each drive wheel gearbox output bearing carries the static weight of its portion of the vehicle as a sustained axial load. This is in addition to any dynamic axial forces from acceleration and deceleration, incline climbing, or wheel impacts from floor irregularities.<\/p>\n

The static calculation is: F_axial_per_wheel = (m_vehicle + m_payload) \u00d7 g \/ n_drive_wheels. Add a dynamic factor of 1.3\u20131.5 for floor irregularities and acceleration transients before comparing to the gearbox rated axial force limit.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Vehicle Class<\/th>\nTotal Mass
\n(vehicle + payload)<\/th>\n		Drive
\nWheels<\/th>\n		Static Axial
\nForce \/ Wheel<\/th>\n		With Dynamic
\nFactor \u00d71.4<\/th>\n		EP-ZDE Limit<\/th>\nCorrect Series<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Light AMR \/ cobot<\/td>\n80\u2013120 kg<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n390\u2013590 N<\/td>\n546\u2013826 N<\/td>\nZDE-80: 450N
\n\u26a0 borderline<\/span><\/td>\n		EP-ZDE-120
\n(1,050N limit)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flatbed AGV (medium)<\/td>\n400\u2013600 kg<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1,960\u20132,940 N<\/td>\n2,744\u20134,116 N<\/td>\nZDE-160: 3,000N
\n\u274c exceeded at 600kg<\/span><\/td>\n		EP-ZDS-115
\n(12,000N limit)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flatbed AGV (heavy)<\/td>\n800\u20131,500 kg<\/td>\n2\u20134<\/td>\n1,960\u20137,350 N<\/td>\n2,744\u201310,290 N<\/td>\nAll ZDE exceeded<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-115
\n(12,000N limit)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Forklift AGV<\/td>\n2,000\u20133,500 kg<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n4,900\u20138,580 N<\/td>\n6,860\u201312,012 N<\/td>\nAll ZDE exceeded<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-115\/142
\n(12,000\u201319,000N)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Heavy towing AGV<\/td>\n>3,500 kg<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n>8,575 N<\/td>\n>12,005 N<\/td>\nExceeds ZDS-115<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-190
\n(28,000N limit)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Dynamic factor of 1.4 accounts for floor irregularities (bumps, threshold strips), hard stops, and emergency braking. For outdoor AGVs on uneven surfaces, use dynamic factor 1.5\u20132.0. EP-ZDE axial force limits: 80N (40-frame), 225N (60-frame), 450N (80-frame), 1,050N (120-frame), 3,000N (160-frame). EP-ZDS: 12,000N (115-frame), 19,000N (142-frame), 28,000N (190-frame).<\/p>\n

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The most common AGV gearbox selection error in Korea<\/div>\n

An EP-ZDE-80 is correctly sized for the drive torque of a 200kg flatbed AGV at 8:1 ratio. The output torque of 120 N\u00b7m is within the rated 50 N\u00b7m \u00d7 8 \u00d7 0.96 = 384 N\u00b7m limit. The engineer selects EP-ZDE-80 \u2014 and the axial force violation is missed entirely. The 200kg vehicle static axial force per wheel is 981N \u2014 more than double the EP-ZDE-80’s 450N axial limit. Within 2,000 hours, the output bearing race fatigues and the output shaft seal begins weeping grease. The correct unit is EP-ZDE-120 (1,050N axial limit) or EP-ZDS-115 (12,000N) if the vehicle is in a washdown environment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Chassis Height Analysis \u2014 Why EP-ZDWF Square-Flange Right-Angle Input Is the AGV Designer’s First Choice<\/h2>\n

The chassis height of an AGV determines how it interacts with the loading infrastructure \u2014 pallet heights, conveyor levels, and underpassing clearance. Korean logistics facilities operating European pallets (150mm height) require AGV chassis heights of 80\u2013120mm for underpallet operation. Korean automotive plant line-side AGVs target body heights of 200\u2013300mm for assembly ergonomics. Each millimetre of chassis height reduction typically represents hours of design iteration on structural elements that must clear the drive assembly.<\/p>\n

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Chassis Height Comparison \u2014 Drive Assembly Height Above Wheel Axle Centreline<\/div>\n
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EP-ZDE-80 Inline + Motor<\/div>\n
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Gearbox L1 = 144 mm<\/div>\n
400W motor body = 120 mm<\/div>\n
Total above axle: 264 mm<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Motor stacks vertically above gearbox. Chassis floor must be \u2265264mm above axle centreline.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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EP-ZDWF-80 Right-Angle \u2605<\/div>\n
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Gearbox L12 height = 119.5 mm<\/div>\n
Motor exits into chassis body \u2192<\/div>\n
Total above axle: 119.5 mm<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Motor routes horizontally inside chassis. Chassis floor height above axle: only 119.5mm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Chassis Height Saving<\/div>\n
144.5 mm saved<\/div>\n
= 54.7% reduction in height above axle
\nAGV cargo floor can sit 144.5mm lower
\nEnables underpallet operation for most standard pallet heights<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

EP-ZDWF-80: L1=184.5mm (axial depth), L12=119.5mm (height perpendicular to output shaft). Motor exits 90\u00b0 from output axis into the horizontal chassis plane. L12 values: ZDWF-60=93mm, ZDWF-80=119.5mm, ZDWF-120=167.5mm, ZDWF-160=229mm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Why EP-ZDWF (square flange) rather than EP-ZDWE (round flange)?<\/div>\n

AGV chassis plates are typically laser-cut steel or aluminium sheet. Laser cutting produces flat plates with precise bolt hole patterns \u2014 but cannot produce precision circular bores for round-flange mounting without an additional machining operation. The EP-ZDWF square-flange mounts directly to a flat plate with four bolts, eliminating the bore machining step. In production AGV manufacturing where the same chassis design is built in quantities of 50\u2013500 units per year, eliminating one machining operation per unit delivers significant cost reduction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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When to choose EP-ZDE inline despite the height penalty<\/div>\n

If the AGV chassis design allows vertical motor stacking (sufficient height clearance), the inline EP-ZDE delivers better efficiency (96% vs 94% for ZDWF), tighter backlash (<8 vs <25\u201330 arcmin), and a more straightforward mechanical layout. For outdoor AGVs, large heavy-duty AGVs, and any application where the chassis height is not the binding design constraint, the inline EP-ZDE-120 or EP-ZDS-115 (with IP65) is the preferred and more cost-effective specification.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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AGV Inertia Ratios \u2014 Why the Standard 3:1 Target Cannot Be Achieved and What to Do Instead<\/h2>\n

For most servo automation applications, the goal of the inertia matching calculation is to select a gear ratio that brings the reflected inertia ratio below 3:1. For AGV and AMR drive wheels, this target is structurally unachievable for any vehicle heavier than approximately 30\u201340kg, regardless of which gear ratio is selected. The vehicle mass dominates the total reflected inertia by 50:1 to 300:1 or more.<\/p>\n

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Why AGV Inertia Ratios Are Irreducibly High<\/div>\n
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Example: 500kg AGV total, \u03a6200mm wheel, 400W motor (J_motor=0.00080 kg\u00b7m\u00b2)<\/div>\n
J_wheel = \u00bd \u00d7 2kg \u00d7 0.10\u00b2 = 0.010 kg\u00b7m\u00b2<\/div>\n
J_vehicle\/wheel = (500\/2) \u00d7 0.10\u00b2 = 2.500 kg\u00b7m\u00b2<\/div>\n
J_total = 2.510 kg\u00b7m\u00b2<\/div>\n
i_optimal = \u221a(2.510 \/ 0.00080) = 56:1 \u2190 exceeds all EP single-unit ratios<\/div>\n
At i=16: J_ref = 2.510\/256 = 0.0098 kg\u00b7m\u00b2 \u2192 ratio = 12.3:1 \u2190 still high<\/div>\n
At i=20: J_ref = 2.510\/400 = 0.0063 kg\u00b7m\u00b2 \u2192 ratio = 7.9:1 \u2190 better but n_motor=2,865rpm<\/div>\n
At i=25: J_ref = 2.510\/625 = 0.0040 kg\u00b7m\u00b2 \u2192 ratio = 5.0:1 \u2705 but n_motor=3,581rpm \u26a0\ufe0f<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Because the inertia ratio target cannot be met through ratio selection alone, the AGV drivetrain must be tuned to function correctly at high inertia ratios. Four engineering responses make this feasible:<\/p>\n

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\u2460 S-curve acceleration profile<\/div>\n

Replace linear acceleration ramps with smooth S-curve (jerk-limited) profiles in the AGV motion controller. S-curve acceleration reduces peak torque demand during velocity transitions by 30\u201350%, effectively lowering the dynamic inertia load on the gearbox bearing during acceleration transients.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2461 Reduced Kv servo gain<\/div>\n

Set servo velocity loop gain (Kv) to approximately 0.5\u20130.7\u00d7 the value that would be used at 3:1 inertia ratio. This reduces servo bandwidth and slows response, but prevents excitation of the low resonant frequency that results from high inertia mismatch. AGV applications do not require the bandwidth of CNC servo axes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2462 Higher torsional stiffness \u2014 EP-ZDS<\/div>\n

For the same inertia ratio and load, a gearbox with higher Ct has a higher mechanical resonant frequency. EP-ZDS-190 (Ct=130 N\u00b7m\/arcmin) raises the resonant frequency by 1.8\u00d7 compared to EP-ZDE-160 (Ct=38) at the same load. This allows a higher Kv before resonance is excited \u2014 partially compensating for the high inertia ratio.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2463 Limit maximum acceleration<\/div>\n

AGV acceleration rates are typically 0.3\u20130.8 m\/s\u00b2 \u2014 far below industrial robot or machine tool acceleration requirements. At these moderate acceleration rates, the dynamic torque from high inertia is manageable within the gearbox service factor without requiring inertia ratio optimisation. The service factor (SF=2.0) must still account for these dynamic loads.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Beyond differential drive wheels, AGV and AMR platforms also use precision planetary gearboxes in rack-and-pinion steering mechanisms, rotary turret drives, and lifting column actuators. Korea Ever-Power’s EP-AP rack-drive series and standard EP-ZDE\/ZDS units cover the full AGV drivetrain specification.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Differential Steering Navigation Accuracy \u2014 Why Left and Right Backlash Must Match<\/h2>\n

Differential-drive AGVs \u2014 the dominant architecture in Korean logistics facilities \u2014 have no separate steering wheel. They steer by commanding different speeds to left and right drive motors. The navigation system assumes identical gear ratios and backlash characteristics for both drives. Any difference in backlash between the two units creates a systematic heading error on direction reversal \u2014 the classic symptom being an AGV that drifts gradually left or right when commanded to travel straight after a direction change.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Backlash Specification<\/th>\nTypical L\u2013R
\nBL Difference<\/th>\n		Heading Error
\n(500mm wheelbase)<\/th>\n		Lateral Position
\nError \/ 10m<\/th>\n		Lateral Position
\nError \/ 100m<\/th>\n		Narrow-Aisle
\nDocking \u00b15mm<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
<8 arcmin (EP-ZDE\/ZDS)<\/td>\n0.8 arcmin<\/td>\n0.16′<\/td>\n0.5 mm<\/td>\n5 mm<\/td>\n\u2705 Meets spec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<12 arcmin (ZDE-40 2-stage)<\/td>\n1.2 arcmin<\/td>\n0.24′<\/td>\n0.7 mm<\/td>\n7 mm<\/td>\n\u26a0 Marginal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<25 arcmin (ZDWE\/ZDWF)<\/td>\n2.5 arcmin<\/td>\n0.50′<\/td>\n1.5 mm<\/td>\n15 mm<\/td>\n\u274c Fails<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<30 arcmin (ZDWE-60)<\/td>\n3.0 arcmin<\/td>\n0.60′<\/td>\n1.8 mm<\/td>\n18 mm<\/td>\n\u274c Fails badly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

BL difference assumed at 10% of specified maximum \u2014 typical manufacturing tolerance variation within a batch. Wheelbase = 500mm. Position error is cumulative drift from backlash difference at each direction change event. Narrow-aisle docking specification \u00b15mm typical for automated rack storage systems.<\/p>\n

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Why EP-ZDWF (right-angle, <25\u201330 arcmin) is NOT suitable for differential drive AGV main wheels<\/div>\n

The EP-ZDWE and ZDWF series have <25\u201330 arcmin backlash due to the bevel gear input stage. At this backlash level, even a 10% unit-to-unit variation produces 15mm of lateral drift per 100m \u2014 which fails narrow-aisle docking requirements. EP-ZDWF is appropriate as a chassis-height-saving solution only when navigation is provided by external localisation (LIDAR, QR codes, magnetic tape) that corrects heading independent of drivetrain backlash, and the AGV operates in wide aisles where \u00b115\u201320mm navigation tolerance is acceptable. For any application requiring \u00b110mm or better docking accuracy with differential steering, specify the inline EP-ZDE or EP-ZDS series with <8 arcmin backlash.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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AGV Deployment Environment and IP Rating \u2014 Seven Scenarios Resolved<\/h2>\n

The IP rating decision for an AGV drive gearbox is determined by the worst-case environmental exposure the gearbox will experience during its service life \u2014 not the typical daily operating condition. A warehouse AGV that spends 99% of its operating time in clean aisles but receives monthly floor scrubbing with pressure washers needs IP65, not IP54.<\/p>\n

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Deployment ScenarioIP Required<\/span>EP Series<\/span><\/div>\n
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Indoor clean warehouse \u2014 electronics, pharmaceutical logistics<\/div>\n
No liquids, positive-pressure clean air. Floor: epoxy or VCT tile. No washing during operation.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP54<\/div>\n
ZDE\/ZDF\/ZDWF<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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General manufacturing \u2014 machined parts, assembly<\/div>\n
Occasional cutting fluid splash from nearby machines. Floor cleaning with mop or auto-scrubber (no pressure).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP54<\/div>\n
ZDE\/ZDF\/ZDWF<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Cold storage facility (\u221225\u00b0C operation)<\/div>\n
Low temperature is within EP series spec (\u221225\u00b0C min). Condensation at temperature transitions may cause water ingress. Monthly floor wash with heated water during maintenance window.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP54+<\/div>\n
ZDE (grease OK)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Automotive body shop \u2014 welding, cooling water, occasional floor wash<\/div>\n
Welding spatter, cooling mist from welding guns, floor washing 1\u20132\u00d7 per shift. Direct jet exposure possible.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP65<\/div>\n
ZDS only<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Food processing \u2014 HACCP daily pressure washdown<\/div>\n
Daily high-pressure wash at 2\u20138 bar with detergent. Water and detergent contact is certain. IP65 (IPX5) is minimum \u2014 verify that detergent chemical compatibility with ZDS seals.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP65<\/div>\n
ZDS only<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Hospital \/ pharmaceutical \u2014 chemical disinfection<\/div>\n
Regular disinfection with alcohol or chlorine-based solutions. Check FKM seal compatibility in ZDS with specific disinfectant. IP65 for liquid ingress prevention.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP65<\/div>\n
ZDS only<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Outdoor yard \/ port logistics<\/div>\n
Rain, standing water, mud, UV. Direct weather exposure. Floor washdown. IP65 minimum \u2014 consider additional housing protection from abrasive grit in exposed positions.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
IP65<\/div>\n
ZDS only<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Complete AGV and AMR EP Series Selection Matrix<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Vehicle Class<\/th>\nTotal
\nMass<\/th>\n		Drive
\nConfig<\/th>\n		F\u00f6rh\u00e5llande
\njag<\/th>\n		IP-adress<\/th>\nAxial
\nCheck<\/th>\n		Recommended
\nEP Series<\/th>\n		Key Spec Driver<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Light cobot AMR<\/td>\n<80 kg<\/td>\n2WD diff<\/td>\n16:1<\/td>\nIP54<\/td>\nZDE-80 \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDE-80<\/a><\/td>\nMass & accuracy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AMR 80\u2013200kg, clean<\/td>\n80\u2013200 kg<\/td>\n2WD diff<\/td>\n16:1<\/td>\nIP54<\/td>\nZDE-120 \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDE-120<\/td>\nAxial limit upgrade<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Low-profile flat AGV, clean<\/td>\n200\u2013600 kg<\/td>\n2WD, flat<\/td>\n16:1<\/td>\nIP54<\/td>\nZDS-115 \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDWF-80<\/a> + ZDS-115<\/a><\/td>\nHeight + axial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Standard flatbed AGV, clean<\/td>\n400\u2013800 kg<\/td>\n2WD diff<\/td>\n20:1<\/td>\nIP54<\/td>\nZDS-115 \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-115<\/td>\nAxial force primary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AGV, auto\/food (washdown)<\/td>\nN\u00e5gra<\/td>\n2WD diff<\/td>\n16\u201320:1<\/td>\nIP65<\/td>\nZDS \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-115\/142<\/td>\nIP65 overrides all<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Forklift AGV<\/td>\n1,500\u20133,000 kg<\/td>\n4WD<\/td>\n25:1<\/td>\nIP65<\/td>\nZDS-142 \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-142<\/td>\nHigh axial + torque<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Heavy towing AGV<\/td>\n>3,000 kg<\/td>\n4WD<\/td>\n25\u201340:1<\/td>\nIP65<\/td>\nZDS-190 \u2705<\/td>\nEP-ZDS-190<\/td>\n28,000N axial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Korea<\/p>\n
Korea Ever-Power EP series precision planetary gearboxes for AGV and AMR applications are manufactured to consistent quality standards with 100% backlash certification. Matched pairs for differential-drive AGVs \u2014 where left and right units must have matching backlash \u2014 are available on request.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

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AGV Drive Gearbox Specification Checklist \u2014 Six Parameters to Verify Before Ordering<\/h2>\n
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01<\/div>\n
Axial Force from Vehicle Weight<\/div>\n

Calculate F_axial = (m_vehicle + m_payload) \u00d7 g \/ n_drive_wheels \u00d7 1.4 (dynamic factor). Verify against EP series axial limit. If F_axial > EP-ZDE-160 limit (3,000N), specify EP-ZDS series.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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02<\/div>\n
Chassis Height Target<\/div>\n

Compare chassis height target to inline (ZDE L1 + motor) vs right-angle (ZDWF L12). If target < 150mm and wheel diameter \u2264 200mm: EP-ZDWF is mandatory for the height budget. If target \u2265 200mm: inline EP-ZDE is preferred (better BL and efficiency).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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03<\/div>\n
Navigation Accuracy Requirement<\/div>\n

For narrow-aisle docking \u2264 \u00b110mm: specify EP-ZDE\/ZDS (<8 arcmin) for differential drive main wheels. EP-ZDWF (<25\u201330 arcmin) acceptable only for wide-aisle applications with external localisation correction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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04<\/div>\n
Deployment Environment IP Rating<\/div>\n

Identify worst-case liquid exposure in the full operating environment including maintenance scenarios. Any pressure washing = IP65 (EP-ZDS). Indoor clean operation only = IP54 acceptable (EP-ZDE\/ZDF\/ZDWF). When in doubt, specify IP65.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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05<\/div>\n
Drive Torque with Service Factor<\/div>\n

T_required = (F_drive + F_grade + F_accel) \u00d7 r_wheel \u00d7 SF. Use SF=2.0 for standard AGV duty. Verify T_available = T_motor \u00d7 i \u00d7 \u03b7 \u2265 T_required. Match to EP series rated torque at the selected ratio.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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06<\/div>\n
Matched Pair Request (differential drive)<\/div>\n

For differential-drive AGVs requiring \u2264 \u00b110mm navigation accuracy: specify “matched pair” \u2014 Korea Ever-Power selects left and right drive units from the same production batch with measured backlash within 0.5 arcmin of each other. State this requirement explicitly in the order specification.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n


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Need EP Series Specification for Your AGV or AMR?<\/div>\n

Provide your AGV vehicle mass, payload, wheel diameter, chassis height target, maximum speed, deployment environment, and navigation accuracy requirement. Korea Ever-Power application engineering will return a complete EP series specification \u2014 including axial force verification, chassis height analysis, IP rating recommendation, and matched-pair availability \u2014 in Korean and English at no charge for qualified OEM enquiries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Request AGV Drive Specification \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n
sales@planetary-gearboxes.com<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

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EP Series for AGV and AMR Drive Applications<\/div>\n
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EP-ZDS Series<\/div>\n
Medium to heavy AGV; washdown environments<\/strong> \u00b7 IP65 \u00b7 12,000\u201328,000N axial \u00b7 1,800 N\u00b7m \u00b7 frames 115\u2013190mm<\/div>\n

View specifications \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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EP-ZDWF Series<\/div>\n
Low-profile flat AGV chassis<\/strong> \u00b7 square flange \u2014 bolt-on laser-cut plate \u00b7 144.5mm chassis height saving vs inline \u00b7 IP54<\/div>\n

View specifications \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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EP-ZDE Series<\/div>\n
Light AMR and cobot platforms; clean environments<\/strong> \u00b7 <8 arcmin for differential accuracy \u00b7 96% efficiency \u00b7 available as matched pairs<\/div>\n

View specifications \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Browse all 5 EP series \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

Redakt\u00f6r: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korea Ever-Power AGV \/ AMR Application Guide Precision Planetary Gearbox Selection for AGV and AMR Drive Wheels \u2014 Chassis Height, Axial Load, and Environment Rating Guide The global AGV and AMR market exceeded $3.5 billion in 2024, with Korean logistics automation manufacturers supplying a significant share. Yet the precision planetary gearbox selection guides published for […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[965],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-application-and-technical-guid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=741"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":743,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/741\/revisions\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/planetary-gearboxes.com\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}